The Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) has listed Hyundai Merchant Marine (HMM) on the Controlled Carrier List as a controlled carrier by the Korean government.
According to the FMC, controlled carriers are defined as ocean common carriers that operate in US foreign trades that are owned or controlled by a foreign government, either directly or indirectly.
Controlled Carriers are subject to increased regulatory scrutiny by the Commission unless a treaty exists between the US and the Controlled Carrier’s host country.
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In 1957, the US and the Republic of Korea negotiated a Treaty of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation, which exempts HMM from Title 46, Chapter 407 regulations.
However, the FMC noted that HMM is still subject to the restrictions of 46 U.S.C. 40502(f) and 46 U.S.C. 46106(b)(7).